ACID

BASE

Strength of Acid

Name

Formula

Formula

Name

Strength of Base

STRONG

ACIDS

perchloric acid

HClO₄

ClO₄^–

perchlorate ion

Neutral Anion

sulfuric acid

H₂SO₄

HSO₄^–

hydrogensulfate ion

Moderately Strong Acid!

hydroiodic acid

HI

I^–

iodide ion

Neutral

Anions

hydrobromic acid

HBr

Br^–

bromide ion

hydrochloric acid

HCl

Cl^–

chloride ion

nitric acid

HNO₃

NO₃^–

nitrate ion

Strong Acid

hydronium ion

H₃O⁺

H₂O

water

Neutral

Moderately Strong Acid

hydrogensulfate ion

HSO₄^–

SO₄^2–

sulfate ion

Neutral Anion!

WEAK ACIDS

Acid strength INCREASES as you go UP the column.

hydrofluoric acid

HF

F^–

fluoride ion

WEAK BASES

Base strength INCREASES as you go DOWN the column.

nitrous acid

HNO₂

NO₂^–

nitrite ion

acetic acid

HC₂H₃O₂

C₂H₃O₂^–

acetate ion

carbonic acid

H₂CO₃

HCO₃^–

hydrogencarbonate ion

hydrosulfuric acid

H₂S

HS^–

hydrogensulfide ion

ammonium ion

NH₄⁺

NH₃

ammonia

hydrocyanic acid

HCN

CN^–

cyanide ion

Basic Anion!

hydrogencarbonate ion

HCO₃^–

CO₃^2–

carbonate ion

Weak Acid

methylammonium ion

CH₃NH₃⁺

CH₃NH₂

methylamine

Neutral

water

H₂O

OH^–

hydroxide ion

Strong Base

Neutral

Molecules

ammonia

NH₃

NH₂^–

amide ion

STRONG

BASES

hydrogen

H₂

H^–

hydride ion

methane

CH₄

CH₃^–

methide ion

Strong Base!

hydroxide ion

OH^–

O₂^–

oxide ion